Engineering CAR T cells to overcome immune suppression in pancreatic cancer

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, an immunotherapy that has been successful in treating blood cancers, has had limited efficacy in solid tumors including in pancreatic cancer. Greg Allen, MD, PhD, an Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine at University of California, San Francisco, believes that CAR T cells offer tremendous potential for the treatment of PDAC and his 2023 Hirshberg Foundation Seed Grant Award project, Developing next-generation therapies to remodel immunosuppressive pancreatic tumor microenvironments focuses on engineering CAR T cells to be effective in the unique tumor microenvironment of pancreatic tumors.

CAR T cell therapy harvests a patient’s own T cells, a type of immune cell, engineers them to express a receptor to identify tumor cells, activate the T cells, and lead to cancer cell death. Pancreatic cancer has been resistant to immunotherapy approaches, in part, because of the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment and this suppression is extended to CAR T cell therapy. One way to counter this immune suppression is the delivery of immune cell modulating signals called cytokines to the patient. Cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2) stimulate T cells and potentially reverse aspects of immune suppression. Systemic IL-2 treatment has been shown to work for some cancers such as melanoma, but it also causes severe adverse events, and its use has been limited. It is thought that cytokines delivered locally to the tumor could allow for immunotherapy to work while limiting severe side effects observed when it is delivered systemically or throughout the whole body.

Dr. Allen’s Seed Grant project aims to engineer T cells to express both chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that identify tumor specific proteins as well as cytokines, such as IL-2, that are designed to be expressed only in the tumor microenvironment. Dr. Allen’s 2022 publication in the journal Science, Synthetic cytokine circuits that drive T cells into immune excluded tumors demonstrated that this approach could increase T cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment and clear pancreatic tumors in preclinical models. He is now extending this work to evaluate if multiple cytokines can be expressed by these engineered CAR T cells and what cytokines, in combination with IL-2, may work best for pancreatic tumors in preclinical models. His work has identified a T cell stimulating cytokine that more effectively slowed or reversed the growth of pancreatic tumors in preclinical models than IL-2 or even in combination with IL-2. Ongoing work includes profiling the tumor microenvironment in these preclinical models using multiple complementary techniques to understand how treatment remodels the tumor microenvironment to support an anti-tumor immune response.

The goal of Dr. Allen’s work is to translate this therapy into an academic phase I clinical trial for pancreatic cancer patients. The first step for any clinical trial is the preclinical proof concept and mechanistic studies such as those currently being accomplished in Dr. Allen’s lab. Dr. Allen will be sharing an update on this work in October at the Hirshberg Foundation-UCLA Research Forum on Pancreatic Cancer Research.




Prepare and Thrive Through Pancreatic Cancer Treatment

Pancreatic cancer treatment is complex and often involves a combination of chemotherapy, surgery, and a demanding recovery. At the Hirshberg Foundation’s 20th Annual Symposium, Barbara Jagels, RN, MHA, CPHQ, Executive Director of Cancer Services at UCLA Health, shared practical, compassionate guidance to help patients and caregivers prepare for treatment and navigate recovery with greater confidence.

Her message was: the road through treatment can be challenging, but the right preparation, support, and expectations make a meaningful difference. Below we share the tools to help you or your loved one prepare.

Build Your Treatment Plan and Care Team

Every patient’s journey begins with a personalized treatment plan, that may include surgery, systemic therapy (such as chemotherapy), or both. The team that surrounds and supports the patient is just as important as the clinical plan.

Jagels emphasized the need to build a strong support system of family, friends, and caregivers alongside your medical team. Patients are encouraged to connect early with care coordinators, nutritionists, and physical therapists who play a vital role in both preparation and recovery.

Nutrition: A Cornerstone of Recovery

One of the most critical – and often underestimated – aspects of pancreatic cancer recovery is nutrition.

The pancreas plays a key role in digestion by producing digestive enzymes and secreting hormones that regulate blood sugar levels. Surgery can significantly affect how the pancreas functions, leading to Type 3c diabetes and altering how the body processes food, especially fats. Jagels recommends:

  • Eating small, frequent meals (5–6 per day)
  • Prioritizing high-protein foods to support healing
  • Introducing healthy fats gradually while avoiding greasy foods early on
  • Staying hydrated, even when appetite is low

Some patients may require pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT), such as Creon, to help with digestion.

Patients and caregivers should also watch for warning signs such as unexpected weight loss, oily stools, or loss of appetite, which may signal the need to adjust supplements or indicate malabsorption.

Manage Blood Sugar and Pain

The pancreas regulates insulin and treatment can affect blood sugar levels. Some patients may develop temporary or permanent diabetes following surgery. Monitoring glucose levels and following a balanced diet low in simple sugars are essential.

Pain management is another key component of recovery that requires a proactive, thoughtful approach. Rather than waiting for the pain to escalate, be sure to stay ahead of pain by taking medications as prescribed. As recovery progresses, many patients are able to gradually transition from opioid to non-opioid options.

Equally important is managing the side effects that often come with pain medication. Constipation is one of the most common challenges, particularly with opioid use. Increased fluids, incorporating fiber when appropriate, and using stool softeners if recommended can help prevent discomfort and complications. Short walks and gentle movement can also improve circulation and “get things moving.”

Ultimately, effective pain management is about balance, relieving discomfort while supporting the body’s natural healing process. Open communication with the care team is essential. With the right plan in place, pain can be controlled so patients can focus more fully on recovery and regaining strength.

Support Digestive Healing

Healing takes time, especially for the digestive system. In the weeks after surgery, patients may experience bloating, diarrhea, or delayed stomach emptying. These symptoms can be discouraging, but they’re a normal part of the digestive system relearning how to work.

Helpful strategies include:

  • Eating slowly and chewing thoroughly
  • Adjusting fiber intake if bloating occurs
  • Avoiding alcohol during recovery

These small, consistent habits can help ease discomfort and support gradual healing. If symptoms persist or worsen, don’t hesitate to call your care team. Adjustments are common as you and your body learn to navigate your new digestive tract.

The Emotional Side of Recovery

Recovery is not just physical, it’s emotional, too. Fatigue, mood changes, and stress are common. Feeling frustrated, anxious, or even grieving the life you had before surgery is normal, and part of healing.

Jagels encourages patients to actively use their support systems, whether through caregivers, counseling, or support groups. Engaging with others who understand the journey can improve emotional well-being and overall outcomes.

What to Expect: Week-by-Week Recovery

Understanding the typical recovery timeline can help patients feel more prepared and reassured about what’s common:

  • Week 1: Focus on regaining independence, walking regularly, tolerating food, and managing pain with oral medications.
  • Week 2: Often the most difficult week, with fatigue, appetite challenges, and digestive symptoms. Small meals and light activity are key.
  • Week 3: A turning point for many, with improving appetite and increased activity.
  • Week 4: Gradual return to daily routines, with continued focus on nutrition and energy rebuilding.

While these milestones provide guidance, Jagels reminds patients that recovery is not linear and that setbacks are normal.

What Patients Often Underestimate

There are a few things about recovery that are easy to underestimate going in:

  • Fatigue can last for months, not just weeks
  • Nutrition may be more difficult to manage than pain
  • Recovery includes ups and downs, it’s not a straight path

Recognizing these realities early can help set more realistic expectations and reduce frustration. Pancreatic surgery recovery is genuinely hard, and giving yourself permission to find it difficult is part of getting through it.

Move Forward with Confidence

Recovery is challenging, but it is manageable with the right tools and support. By prioritizing nutrition, staying active at a gradual pace, managing symptoms proactively, and relying on a strong support system, patients can navigate treatment more effectively and move toward healing with greater resilience.


You don’t have to carry all of this on your own. The Hirshberg Foundation is here to support you every step of the way. Contact us to find the support you need.




What to Expect After Pancreatic Surgery

The Whipple procedure, also called pancreaticoduodenectomy, is a major operation used to treat pancreatic cancer. The surgery involves removing parts of the pancreas in an area of the digestive system where multiple organs connect, and it often requires reconnecting the digestive tract. Recovery from this surgery is a gradual process that requires patience, support, and realistic expectations. It’s normal to feel overwhelmed in the early weeks post-surgery, and many patients say that having a general sense of “what’s normal” helped them worry less about every new sensation. While every patient’s experience is unique, understanding a general timeline can help reduce uncertainty and make the path forward feel more manageable.

At the Hirshberg Symposium on Pancreatic Cancer, Barbara Jagels, RN, MHA, CPHQ of UCLA Health outlined what many patients can expect in the first month after surgery, and how to navigate each phase.

Week 1: Regain Independence

The first week after surgery focuses on stabilization and the return to basic independence.

Patients work toward:

  • Walking short distances multiple times a day (5 minutes of walking is great!)
  • Transitioning to a soft diet
  • Managing pain with oral medications
  • Restoring bowel function

Before leaving the hospital, care teams ensure that patients can eat small meals, move safely, and show no signs of complications such as infection. It’s common to feel discouraged by how much help you need right now. That’s expected, not a setback, your body is doing serious repair work.

Week 2: The Most Challenging Phase

Week two is often the hardest and the most important to push through with support. This is when significant fatigue, poor appetite, and digestive discomfort, including bloating or loose stools sets in. It is both physically and mentally difficult.

During this time, the focus shifts to:

  • Eating 5–6 small meals per day
  • Prioritizing protein at every meal (goal is 20–30 grams of protein, if possible)
  • Taking pancreatic enzymes as prescribed
  • Walking short distances daily

Progress may feel slow, but these small, consistent efforts are essential to recovery. If this week feels like the hardest thing you’ve done, it’s because it is for many patients. Lean on the people around you.

Week 3: A Turning Point

For many patients, week three marks the beginning of noticeable improvement. This is often the first week when recovery starts to feel like forward motion, rather than just something you’re enduring.

You may start to see:

  • Gradual return of appetite
  • Increased energy levels
  • Ability to walk longer distances
  • Engagement in light daily tasks

This is also a time to adjust nutrition strategies. If weight loss continues, it is important to increase calories or fine-tune enzyme use.

Week 4: Rebuild Your Routine

By week four, many patients begin to feel more like themselves, though recovery is still ongoing.

This is the time to:

  • Continue small, frequent meals with more variety
  • Gradually resume normal daily activities
  • Stamina may increase, but with continued need for rest

Some patients may be able to drive again if they are no longer taking narcotic pain medications.

What Recovery Really Looks Like

While these weekly milestones are helpful, it’s important to remember:

  • Recovery is not linear, there will be good days and setbacks
  • Fatigue can last for months, not just weeks
  • Nutrition often remains one of the biggest challenges

Progress may feel uneven, but each step forward matters. If something feels off, don’t ignore it. Reach out to your support team to discuss the options. Your recovery timeline is the one that is right for you.

Moving Forward

The first month after pancreatic surgery is just the beginning of recovery. With a focus on nutrition, gradual activity, and ongoing support, patients can continue to build strength over time.

Understanding what to expect, and giving yourself grace along the way, can make a meaningful difference in both physical and emotional healing.


You don’t have to navigate this alone. You never need to guess or wonder whether what you’re feeling is part of the process. The Hirshberg Foundation provides trusted resources, education, and support for patients, caregivers, and families every step of the way. Connect with us today to find the support you need.




Dr. Mark Girgis Named Director of the UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases

The Hirshberg Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer Research is pleased to welcome Dr. Mark D. Girgis as the new Director of the UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases.
As Director of the UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases, Dr. Girgis will provide leadership across the Center’s clinical, research, and education programs. His appointment builds on his longstanding commitment to advancing innovative surgical care and developing new treatment approaches for patients with pancreatic and related cancers.

Dr. Girgis is an Associate Professor of Surgery at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and Director of Robotic Surgery. He leads UCLA’s pancreatobiliary and gastroesophageal tumor multidisciplinary programs, bringing extensive expertise in pancreaticobiliary and gastric diseases and in robotic and minimally invasive surgical approaches.

His research program reflects his commitment to translating scientific discoveries into new options for patients. His work includes clinical trials conducted in collaboration with nuclear medicine, translational research investigating AXL inhibition as a potential treatment for pancreatic and bile duct cancers, and laboratory research focused on developing novel small molecules for radioligand-based imaging and therapy.

Dr. Girgis also brings significant leadership within the broader surgical oncology community. He serves as surgical chair of the neuroendocrine tumor guidelines for the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), is an editor for Annals of Surgical Oncology, and serves on committees within several leading surgical oncology and cancer research organizations. He also serves as an Associate Program Director of the UCLA General Surgery Residency Program, where he mentors the next generation of surgeons.

“We are excited to welcome Dr. Girgis into this leadership role at the UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases,” said Dr. Joe Hines, Professor and Chair of the Department of Surgery at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. “His expertise in surgical oncology, commitment to innovation, and dedication to multidisciplinary care make him an outstanding leader for the Center as we continue working to improve outcomes for people affected by pancreatic cancer.”

Dr. Girgis succeeds Dr. Timothy Donahue, who recently departed UCLA to become Chair of Surgery at Weill Cornell Medicine and Surgeon-in-Chief at New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center. Dr. Donahue has provided outstanding leadership and dedication to advancing pancreatic cancer care and research at UCLA. Dr. Donahue will remain on our Scientific Advisory Board and dear friend of the Foundation.

The Hirshberg Foundation established the UCLA Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases to advance collaboration among clinicians, researchers, and patients and accelerate progress in pancreatic cancer care and research. Under Dr. Girgis’ leadership, the Center will continue its commitment to bringing innovative science and clinical expertise together to improve the lives of patients and families affected by pancreatic cancer.

The Hirshberg Foundation is delighted to welcome Dr. Girgis to this new leadership role. We look forward to partnering with him and the UCLA team as the Center builds on its strong legacy of collaboration, innovation, and compassionate care. Together, we will continue to drive innovative pancreatic cancer research and provide the highest standard of multidisciplinary care for patients and their families.




First RAS inhibitor approved by the FDA

Today daraxonrasib, an oral RAS(ON) multi-selective inhibitor from Revolution Medicines, was approved by the FDA for use by patients with previously treated metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) or for patients who are “not candidates for multiagent systemic therapy.” This approval was supported by the remarkable results from the Phase 3 clinical trial, RASolute 302, that demonstrated an unprecedented increase in overall survival (OS), increases in progression-free survival (PFS), and a differentiated safety profile compared with standard of care chemotherapy. This also is the first RAS inhibitor to be approved by the FDA for cancer therapy and will be sold under the name Rasonque.

This approval comes just over 1 month after Revolution Medicine’s New Drug Application (NDA) for daraxonrasib was accepted for review by the FDA, on July 22, 2026, capping off daraxonrasib’s whirlwind clinical development.

The initial first-in-human Phase 1/2 clinical trial, RMC-6236-001, started in June 2022 in patients with advanced solid tumors harboring RAS mutations. A phase 3 trial for previously treated metastatic PDAC patients, RASolute 302, began just over 2 years later in October 2024 based on the clear benefit and safety outcomes in the PDAC patients from that original trial.

On June 23, 2025, the FDA granted daraxonrasib Breakthrough Therapy Designation for treating patients with metastatic PDAC based on the promising results from the RMC-6236-001 trial. This designation allows the acceleration of the development and subsequent review of new therapies that treat diseases that have significant unmet needs. Daraxonrasib was awarded this designation, because of the early clinical evidence that demonstrated improvement in metastatic PDAC over other currently available therapies.

Additionally, on October 16, 2025, Revolution Medicines was awarded one of the first vouchers under FDA Commissioner’s National Priority Voucher Pilot Program for daraxonrasib. This program’s goal is to accelerate the development and subsequent review of therapies aligned with US health priorities with the goal of enhancing Americans’ health interests. This program allows approval data to be reviewed on a rolling basis as available, potentially cutting down FDA review of NDAs from 10-12 months to as quick as 30-90 days.

These events culminated in the announcement in April 2026 of the completion of the phase 3 RASolute 302 clinical trial touting unprecedented doubling of median overall survival over standard of care chemotherapies. Initial data was submitted to the FDA on April 28th, 2026 for approval for an Expanded Access Program (EAP) to provide daraxonrasib to previously treated, metastatic PDAC patients outside of a clinical trial setting and was granted by the FDA on May 1, 2026. Through the EAP Revolution Medicines has been able to supply more than 2,000 additional patients with daraxonrasib over the last 3 months.

The full data set was presented to a standing ovation on May 31, 2026 at the American Society for Clinical Oncologists Annual Meeting and concurrently published in the New England Journal of Medicine leading up to the accepted submission of the NDA on July 22, 2026.

While an approval of daraxonrasib for previously treated metastatic PDAC is exciting news, there are newly launched phase 3 clinical trials evaluating daraxonrasib in other PDAC patient populations; RASolute 303 (NCT07491445) in previously untreated patients with metastatic PDAC alone or in combination with chemotherapy and RASolute 304 (NCT07252232) in patients with resected PDAC following adjuvant chemotherapy treatment. Additionally, there are early-stage clinical trials evaluating the use of daraxonrasib with other targeted therapies including mutant specific RAS inhibitors. The results from these trials have the potential to expand approvals for daraxonrasib to more patient populations allowing many more patients to benefit from this emerging and potentially transformational therapy.


Discoveries like daraxonrasib are only possible because scientists were given the resources to pursue questions long before the answers were in sight. Without early-stage funding for bold ideas none of this would be possible. Now, more than ever, new treatment options, early detection, and hope for better outcomes is on the horizon.




Healing After Loss: A New Support Group for Families Grieving Pancreatic Cancer

The journey through pancreatic cancer does not end when treatment does. For many families, the loss of a loved one marks the beginning of a new chapter filled with grief, uncertainty, and the challenge of finding a path forward.

To help ensure no one must face that journey alone, the Hirshberg Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer Research and Cancer Support Community South Bay (CSC South Bay) are proud to introduce Healing After Loss, a free virtual support group created specifically for those who have lost a loved one to pancreatic cancer.

Beginning Monday, September 14, 2026, the group will meet on the second Monday of every month from 5:00 to 6:30 PM via Zoom, providing a welcoming, confidential space where participants can connect with others who understand the unique experience of grieving pancreatic cancer.

For years, the Hirshberg Foundation and CSC South Bay have worked together to support patients and families through educational programs, our Day of Wellness, and community events such as Tour de Pier. This new bereavement group represents the next step in that partnership, extending care beyond diagnosis and treatment to meet families wherever they are in their journey.

” The need for support doesn’t end when you lose a loved one. Grief can feel incredibly isolating, especially after pancreatic cancer, where families often experience an intense and difficult journey together. We’re grateful to partner with CSC South Bay to offer Healing After Loss, creating a compassionate space where people can share their experiences, honor their loved ones, and find comfort in a community that truly understands.”

– Amy Reiss, Director of Patient Programs, Hirshberg Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer Research

The group will be facilitated by Brittany Anvari, LMFT, an experienced oncology therapist who has supported pancreatic cancer patients and families through CSC South Bay for more than six years. Brittany currently facilitates the pancreatic cancer support group and Family Partner Support Group and has led numerous cancer-specific support programs. Her experience working closely with the pancreatic cancer community makes her uniquely equipped to guide participants through the complexities of grief and healing.

Healing After Loss offers more than a place to talk. It provides an opportunity to connect with others who understand the emotions, challenges, and lasting impact of losing someone to pancreatic cancer. Through shared experiences and professional guidance, participants can develop healthy coping strategies while building meaningful connections with others walking a similar path.

The Hirshberg Foundation believes that caring for families means supporting them throughout every stage of the pancreatic cancer experience. By expanding our collaboration with CSC South Bay, we can continue providing meaningful resources that help families find strength, connection, and hope, even in the face of loss.

Join Healing After Loss

Healing After Loss: A Support Group for Those Who Have Lost a Loved One to Pancreatic Cancer

  • When: Second Monday of every month
  • Time: 5:00–6:30 PM (PT)
  • Where: Virtual via Zoom
  • Cost: Free
  • Facilitator: Brittany Anvari, LMFT

This support group is available to California residents through Cancer Support Community South Bay.

If you are already a CSC South Bay participant, contact Norma Gonzalez at norma@cscsouthbay.org or 310-376-3550 to join. New participants should complete a Welcome Orientation through CSC South Bay before attending.

Together, the Hirshberg Foundation and Cancer Support Community South Bay remain committed to ensuring that every member of the pancreatic cancer community has access to compassionate care, meaningful connection, and support – not only during treatment, but long after.